Space & Astronomy/Space and Astronomy (October 1993).iso/mac/TEXT_ZIP/daily/930506.ZIP/930506.DFC

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"930506.DFC" (26643 bytes) was created on 05-06-93

06-May-93 Daily File Collection
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5/06/93:  STATEMENT BY NASA ADMINISTRATOR DANIEL S. GOLDIN

Allen Clark
Headquarters, Washington, D.C.


(following the successful landing of STS-55/Spacelab D2)


        I would like to congratulate the German Space Agency on the successful
flight of the German Spacelab D-2 mission.  Astronauts Ulrich Walter, Hans
Schlegel and the entire German Aerospace Establishment (DLR) team should be
extremely proud of their contributions to the success of this mission.

        I am looking forward to the results from this mission's numerous
experiments in microgravity and life sciences.  These results will be important
in preparing for our work together on the Space Station.
     Source:NASA Spacelink    Modem:205-895-0028  Internet:192.149.89.61
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DAILY NEWS/TV SKED 5/6/93

Daily News
Thursday, May 6, 1993
Two Independence Square,
Washington, D.C.
Audio Service: 202/358-3014


 % Columbia STS-55 mission concludes with a milestone;
 % Admin. Goldin's speech at the AIAA on NASA TV;
 % Workers continue to prepare Endeavour for STS-57 mission.


As the Space Shuttle Columbia's 14th successful mission came to an end, just
over 1 full year of flight time in space has been accumulated by the Space
Shuttle fleet.

At 10:01:42 a.m.  EDT on May 5, the 1-year mark was surpassed.  The landing at
the Dryden Flight Research Facility, Edwards, Calif., at 10:30 a.m.  EDT this
morning brought the Shuttle flight time to 365 days, 23 hours and 28 minutes.

Space Shuttle history began with the STS-1 launch of Columbia on April 12,
1981.  Since that date, Space Shuttles have carried to orbit 670 major, fixed
and deployed payloads and experiments totaling 822 tons, and returned 636
weighing 425 tons.

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

Today, following the STS-55 mission activities, NASA TV will broadcast
Administrator Daniel Goldin's speech at the American Institute of Aeronautics
and Astronautics annual meeting yesterday in Crystal City, VA. The speech will
be replayed periodically throughout the day.

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

Technicians at the Kennedy Space Center continue to prepare Space Shuttle
Endeavour for its upcoming STS-57 mission.  The launch date for the STS-57
mission is targeted for June 3, 1993.  Endeavour will carry the Spacehab
payload, and crew members will retrieve the EURECA satellite during this
mission as well.  The 7-day mission is scheduled to conclude with a landing at
the Kennedy Space Center.

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *


Here's the broadcast schedule for Public Affairs events on NASA TV. Note that
all events and times may change without notice and that all times listed are
Eastern. Live indicates a program is transmitted live.


Following STS-55 mission activities:

                  Broadcast of Admin. Goldin's Speech at the AIAA  meeting

Regular programming will resume following speech



NASA TV is carried on GE Satcom F2R, transponder 13, C-Band, 72 degrees West
Longitude, transponder frequency is 3960 MHz, audio subcarrier is 6.8 MHz,
polarization is vertical.
     Source:NASA Spacelink    Modem:205-895-0028  Internet:192.149.89.61
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5/05/93: HUNTRESS TESTIMONY ON OBSERVATIONS OF NEAR-EARTH OBJECTS

     Source:NASA Spacelink    Modem:205-895-0028  Internet:192.149.89.61
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5/06/93:  COLUMBIA'S RETURN MARKS SIGNIFICANT SPACE SHUTTLE MILESTONES

Ed Campion
Headquarters, Washington, D.C.



Jeffrey Carr
Johnson Space Center, Houston

RELEASE:  93-79

        With the return this morning of the Space Shuttle Columbia from its
14th successful mission, just over 1 full year of flight time in space has been
accumulated by the Space Shuttle fleet.  In that time, a number of significant
statistics have emerged.

        The 1-year mark was surpassed at 10:01:42 a.m.  EDT on May 5.  With the
landing at the Dryden Flight Research Facility, Edwards, Calif., at 10:30 a.m.
EDT today, the total accumulated Shuttle flight time stands at 365 days, 23
hours and 28 minutes.

        The Space Shuttle flight era began with STS-1 and the launch of
Columbia on April 12, 1981 with mission Commander John Young and Pilot Robert
Crippen. Since then, Space Shuttles have carried to orbit 670 major, fixed and
deployable payloads and experiments totalling 822 tons and returned 636
weighing 425 tons.

        Representing only 5 percent of all U.S. space launches, Space Shuttles
have carried 56 percent of all U.S. payloads to orbit and 44 percent of all
U.S. cargo weight to orbit.

        Fifty-one satellites have been deployed, 5 of which were recovered and
returned on the same flight.  Three of the 51 satellites were interplanetary
probes to Venus (Magellan), Jupiter (Galileo) and the Sun (Ulysses).  Three
were orbiting observatories - the Hubble Space Telescope, the Gamma Ray
Observatory and the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite.


        Others were communications satellites and experiment platforms such as
the Long Duration Exposure Facility which orbited Earth for nearly 6 years
before being retrieved and returned to Earth. Two communications satellites,
the PALAPA-B2 and WESTAR-VI, were later retrieved, returned to Earth for
refurbishment and relaunched.

        Scientific studies aboard the Space Shuttle and in Spacelab modules
carried aboard Shuttles have investigated life sciences, materials sciences,
combustion science, solar science and physics, space plasma physics,
atmospheric studies, biotechnology, Earth observations, astronomy and the study
of the behavior of metals, semiconductors, bio-processing and fluids in the
microgravity enviroment of space flight.  Time accumulated in Spacelab science
operations, alone, stands at 96 days and 13 hours.

        Including 16 non-U.S. flyers representing 10 different countries, 161
individuals have flown in space at least once on the Shuttle. Astronauts have
conducted 16 rendezvous operations, the retrieval and repair of 3 satellites
and 20 spacewalks totalling over 223 hours.  Six of them were untethered free-
flights using the manned maneuvering unit.



"365 DAYS IN SPACE"
A STATISTICAL STUDY OF SPACE SHUTTLE PRODUCTIVITY
As of STS-55 landing on May 6, 1993


SIGNIFICANT MILESTONES

Missions Launched:  55 (approx. 5 percent of total U.S. launches)
Miles Traveled:  Over 130 million statute miles
Orbits Flown:  Over 6,200
Mission Success Rate:  98.181 percent (54 of 55 flights successful)


HUMAN ACTIVITY ON SHUTTLE

Shuttle Man-Years in Orbit:  5.7 (65 percent of total U.S. man-years)
                                 (25 percent of total man-years)

Individuals Flown in Space on Shuttle:  161 (55 percent of total humans in
space)

        * 145 U.S. flyers (80 percent of total Americans in space)
        * 16 non-U.S. flyers representing 10 countries
        * 89 flyers have made multiple flights

SHUTTLE PAYLOADS LAUNCHED & RETURNED

Payloads to Orbit:  670 (approx. 56 percent of total U.S. payloads to orbit)
                     (approx. 16 percent of total announced payloads to orbit)
(Note:  Includes major attached payloads and experiments, deployables)

Payloads Returned to Earth:  636

Satellites Deployed:  51
Satellites Retrieved and Repaired:  3 (Solar Max, LEASAT-3, INTELSAT-V)
Satellites Retrieved and Returned to Earth:  9 (2 refurbished and relaunched)

SHUTTLE WEIGHT-LIFTING RECORD

Cargo Weight to Orbit:  1.64 million lbs (822 tons) (44 percent total U.S.)
Cargo Weight Deployed:  756,000 lbs (378 tons)
Total Weight (including Orbiters) to Orbit:  approx. 13.5 million lbs


MISCELLANEOUS

Shuttle Rendezvous Operations:  16
Shuttle Spacewalks (EVAs):  20 (16 planned and 4 unplanned; 6 free-flyers)
Total Shuttle EVA Time:  223 hours
Space-walking Shuttle Astronauts:  22 (46 percent of total U.S. spacewalkers)
Women Flown in Space on Shuttle:  19
American Minority Astronauts Flown:  11
Members of Congress Flown:  2

Shuttle Orbiter Flights
   Discovery    16
   Columbia     14
   Atlantis     12
   Challenger   10
   Endeavour     3

Spacelab Missions: 12 (including 96 days, 13 hrs. of science operations)

Note:  These statistics are based on announced information and as such, are
somewhat conservative.  Some information regarding Department of Defense
missions was unavailable for these calculations.

     Source:NASA Spacelink    Modem:205-895-0028  Internet:192.149.89.61
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5/06/93:  DIAZ TESTIMONY ON EXPENDABLE LAUNCH VEHICLE PROGRAM

Statement of

Mr. A. V. Diaz
Deputy Associate Administrator for Space Science
National Aeronautics and Space Administration

before the
Subcommittee on Space
Committee on Science, Space and Technology
House of Representatives

April 27, 1993



Mr. Chairman and Members of the Subcommittee:

I am pleased to have the opportunity to appear before this Subcommittee today
to report on NASA's fiscal year (FY) 1994 budget request for expendable launch
vehicles (ELV's) and upper stages.  We have a robust ELV program, reflecting a
diverse fleet of launch vehicles and upper stages, along with ongoing
initiatives geared toward enhancing the reliability and robustness of the
existing fleet.

Fiscal Year 1994 Request

The FY 1994 budget request includes launch services and integration funding for
five missions planned for launch on the Pegasus vehicle, four missions on
Deltas (and initial funding for a fifth), one mission on an Atlas, initial
funding for two missions on a yet-to-be selected intermediate-class launch
vehicle, one mission on a Titan IV, for one Inertial Upper Stage on the Space
Shuttle (and initial funding for another upper stage for the Shuttle), and for
secondary payloads that will use excess capacity on Deltas. This request
largely covers the launch services requirements NASA has through 1995, with
initial funding for launches scheduled after that.

The missions these launch services will make possible include some of NASA's
premier missions.  This funding request includes progress payments for ELV's to
support the Cassini mission to Saturn, and several Small Explorers, one Earth
Probe, two medium-class Explorers, the Wind and Polar satellites (components of
the International Solar-Terrestrial Program), Radarsat, and the intermediate
performance class vehicle for the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO)
mission.  These missions span the various science disciplines and will provide
both frequent and valuable access to space for the Nation's space scientists
and engineers.  In addition, NASA has put in place launch services contracts
for the Pegasus and Delta II vehicles which allow us to add on new missions to
these contracts as they are approved by Congress.

In the area of upper stages, we can take pride in the successful addition of
the Transfer Orbit Stage (TOS) to the national fleet.  Mars Observer was
launched in September 1992, on board a Titan III/TOS combination; and, the TOS
performed superbly, placing Mars Observer on a near-perfect trajectory to Mars.
In just a few months, we will see TOS used again on the Advanced Communications
Technology Satellite (ACTS).  The TOS has already contributed to the space
program and we look forward to this next flight.

One ELV issue that remains unresolved is whether to launch the Advanced X-ray
Astrophysics Facility-Imaging (AXAF-I) mission on the Space Shuttle or on a
Titan IV/Centaur. The budget request before you contains funding to maintain
either option, and reflects that no final decision has been reached.  NASA and
the U.S. Air Force have entered into discussions concerning the feasibility and
advisability of launching AXAF-I on an ELV; these discussions are ongoing and
will require at least a couple of months to reach their conclusion.  We will
continue to keep this Committee informed as progress is made regarding this
matter.

This budget request also supports two initiatives for enhancing the utilization
and reliability of the existing fleet of ELVs. The first involves the use of
excess capacity on Delta launches for secondary payloads.  This initiative
allows for the use of excess capacity by small payloads that can fit very
stringent requirements; all must be able to fit within the constrained envelope
of the Delta II's second stage and within the available mass, power, and data
limits.  This program provides an inexpensive opportunity for small experiments
to reach space, adding another option to increase flight opportunities for the
research community, with relatively small marginal costs.  Given that these
payloads do not have any adverse impact on the primary mission, they provide an
excellent, low-cost, low-risk opportunity to increase the productivity of an
existing launch capability.

Two such missions have now been successfully conducted.  The first, the Diffuse
Ultraviolet Experiment (DUVE) developed by the University of California at
Berkeley, operated for approximately 10 hours as part of the launch in July
1992 of the Japanese/U.S. Geotail satellite.  The second mission, the Small
Expendable Deployer System (SEDS) tether experiment developed by NASA's
Marshall Space Flight Center, operated for approximately 90 minutes as part of
the launch in March 1993 of an Air Force Global Positioning System mission.
This was a highly successful mission; over 12 miles of tether filament was
reeled out.  Both experiments collected valuable data and met their scientific
or engineering objectives.

One additional secondary payload is scheduled for launch during FY 1993, with
two scheduled for FY 1994.  Our goal is to conduct as many as two of these
experiments per year, contingent on the availability of excess capacity, of
qualified experiments to launch, and of course, on available funding.

The second initiative for enhancing the existing fleet is contained in the
Space Station and New Technology Investments component of the President's
budget request.  This initiative builds on an idea which has been favorably
viewed by this Subcommittee for sometime, namely, providing new opportunities
and assistance for infusing new technologies into the ELV industry.  This
initiative is composed of two main components, one improving internal NASA
coordination and cooperation, and one regarding contract revisions.

NASA has established an internal mechanism for coordinating commercial ELV
initiatives and interests in the area of technology infusion; the relevant
offices within NASA Headquarters (the Office of Space Science, the Office of
Advanced Concepts and Technology, and the Office of Space Systems Development)
have established a team approach to soliciting and integrating commercial ELV
industry needs into our ongoing technology development and infusion activities.
The relative responsibilities and roles of each organization are now very
clearly defined, which will help maximize the efficiency of processing industry
comments into internal action.

We are also considering starting a contractor-managed product improvement
program that would be administered through the ELV procurement process.  NASA
has initiated revisions in our contracts that insert a "value engineering
clause" into existing ELV launch services contracts.  This clause is the
contractual mechanism under which NASA can begin funding these activities.

Conclusion

The budget request before you will make possible a robust ELV and upper stages
program in fiscal year 1994, and it anticipates the development of enhancements
to the existing fleet.  This budget request represents the continuation of a
balanced program, spanning the various classes of ELV's, and the various sizes
and capabilities of missions they will make possible.

Since the start of the mixed fleet era, NASA has enjoyed 20 consecutive
successful ELV launches (nine Scouts, six Deltas, two Atlas-G's, two
Atlas/Centaurs and one Titan III). During fiscal year 1994, NASA will
participate in the launch of 14 missions, 8 of which will fly on the Space
Shuttle and 6 will fly on ELV's. Clearly, the mixed fleet philosophy that
originated in the mid-1980's has come to fruition, and the next two years are a
testament to what we can accomplish as a Nation. We look forward to working
with the Congress to make these plans a reality.

Thank you.


Another area of interest to this Subcommittee is the sounding rocket launch
voucher program being examined by the Office of Advanced Concepts and
Technology (OACT).  OACT has pulled together a Process Action Team of the
involved NASA organizations, including the Office of Space Science, and is
continuing to make steady progress.  We are currently defining an optimal
implementation approach and envision that a demonstration program will be in
place by October 1, 1993.  NASA remains committed to increasing the industrial
contribution to our suborbital sounding rocket program.

     Source:NASA Spacelink    Modem:205-895-0028  Internet:192.149.89.61
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5/06/93:  SPACELAB D-2 POSTFLIGHT PRESS CONFERENCE TO BE HELD MAY 18

Ed Campion
Headquarters, Washington, D.C.                                  May 6, 1993

Barbara Schwartz
Johnson Space Center, Houston

EDITORS NOTE:  N93-24


        The STS-55 Spacelab D-2 postflight crew press conference will be held
Tuesday, May 18, at 2:30 p.m.  EDT at the Johnson Space Center, Houston, in
building 2, room 135.

        The crew members will narrate film highlights of their German research
mission to study life sciences and materials processing in microgravity.  The
briefing will be carried on NASA Select television with two-way audio for
questions from NASA Headquarters and other centers.  NASA Select programming is
carried on SATCOM F2R, transponder 13, located at 72 degrees west longitude.

        News media with mission badges will not need further accreditation.
Crew members will not be available for interviews until after the postflight
press conference.
     Source:NASA Spacelink    Modem:205-895-0028  Internet:192.149.89.61
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5/06/93: HUNTRESS TESTIMONY ON SPACE SCIENCE PROGRAM STATUS

     Source:NASA Spacelink    Modem:205-895-0028  Internet:192.149.89.61
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- Current Two-Line Element Sets #187 -

     Source:NASA Spacelink    Modem:205-895-0028  Internet:192.149.89.61
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MCC Status Report #29

MISSION CONTROL CENTER
STS-55 Status Report #29


Thursday, May 6, 1993, 2:30 a.m. CDT

Columbia's crew bid researchers at the German Space Operations Control Center
in Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany, "aufweiderzehen" and shut down the Spacelab
module and connecting tunnel without incident, sealing them up for today's trip
home.

Columbia will have two opportunities to land today.  The first and the
preferred one, if weather permits, is at Florida's Kennedy Space Center with a
touchdown at about 8:03 a.m.  CDT. The second, which may be used if the weather
forecasts are poor for Florida as the morning wears on, is at California's
Edwards Air Force Base with a touchdown at about 9:30 a.m.  CDT.

For a Florida landing, Columbia's engines would fire at 7:05 a.m. to begin its
descent.  For a California landing, Columbia's engines would fire one orbit
later, at about 8:31 a.m. central.

As of early this morning, the weather forecast for Florida called for possible
low cloud cover and rain showers in the vicinity, however, flight controllers
will continue to get updates to the forecast as Columbia's flight moves through
its final hours.  The forecast for California called for scattered, high cloud
decks and winds favorable for a landing.
     Source:NASA Spacelink    Modem:205-895-0028  Internet:192.149.89.61
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STS-55 LANDING STATEMENT   5/6/93

The STS-55 Spacelab D-2 mission came to a conclusion this morning after
completing 160 orbits, and traveling over 4.1 million miles.

Columbia's main gear touched down at 9:30 CDT on runway 22 at Edwards Air
Force Base in California.  Columbia was scheduled to land at the Shuttle
Landing Facility at Kennedy Space Center in Florida, but was diverted to the
alternate landing site at Edwards due to unacceptable weather conditions.

     Source:NASA Spacelink    Modem:205-895-0028  Internet:192.149.89.61
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TOWARD A HISTORY OF THE SPACE SHUTTLE

     Source:NASA Spacelink    Modem:205-895-0028  Internet:192.149.89.61
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365 DAYS IN SPACE- A STATISTICAL STUDY OF SPACE SHUTTLE PRODUCTIVITY
As of STS-55 landing on May 6, 1993


SIGNIFICANT MILESTONES

Missions Launched:  55 (approx. 5 percent of total U.S. launches)
Miles Traveled:  Over 130 million statute miles
Orbits Flown:  Over 6,200
Mission Success Rate:  98.181 percent (54 of 55 flights successful)


HUMAN ACTIVITY ON SHUTTLE

Shuttle Man-Years in Orbit:  5.7 (65 percent of total U.S. man-years)
                                 (25 percent of total man-years)

Individuals Flown in Space on Shuttle:  161
                             (55 percent of total humans in space)

        * 145 U.S. flyers (80 percent of total Americans in space)
        * 16 non-U.S. flyers representing 10 countries
        * 89 flyers have made multiple flights

SHUTTLE PAYLOADS LAUNCHED & RETURNED

Payloads to Orbit: 670 (approx. 56 percent of total U.S. payloads to orbit)
                      (approx. 16 percent of total announced payloads to orbit)
(Note:  Includes major attached payloads and experiments, deployables)

Payloads Returned to Earth:  636

Satellites Deployed:  51
Satellites Retrieved and Repaired:  3 (Solar Max, LEASAT-3, INTELSAT-V)
Satellites Retrieved and Returned to Earth:  9 (2 refurbished and relaunched)

SHUTTLE WEIGHT-LIFTING RECORD

Cargo Weight to Orbit:  1.64 million lbs (822 tons) (44 percent total U.S.)
Cargo Weight Deployed:  756,000 lbs (378 tons)
Total Weight (including Orbiters) to Orbit:  approx. 13.5 million lbs


MISCELLANEOUS

Shuttle Rendezvous Operations:  16
Shuttle Spacewalks (EVAs):  20 (16 planned and 4 unplanned; 6 free-flyers)
Total Shuttle EVA Time:  223 hours
Space-walking Shuttle Astronauts:  22 (46 percent of total U.S. spacewalkers)
Women Flown in Space on Shuttle:  19
American Minority Astronauts Flown:  11
Members of Congress Flown:  2

Shuttle Orbiter Flights
   Discovery    16
   Columbia     14
   Atlantis     12
   Challenger   10
   Endeavour     3

Spacelab Missions: 12 (including 96 days, 13 hrs. of science operations)

Note:  These statistics are based on announced information and as such, are
somewhat conservative.  Some information regarding Department of Defense
missions was unavailable for these calculations.




COLUMBIA'S RETURN MARKS SIGNIFICANT SPACE SHUTTLE MILESTONES

Ed Campion
Headquarters, Washington, D.C.


Jeffrey Carr
Johnson Space Center, Houston

RELEASE:  93-79

        With the return this morning of the Space Shuttle Columbia from its
14th successful mission, just over 1 full year of flight time in space has been
accumulated by the Space Shuttle fleet.  In that time, a number of significant
statistics have emerged.

        The 1-year mark was surpassed at 10:01:42 a.m.  EDT on May 5.  With the
landing at the Dryden Flight Research Facility, Edwards, Calif., at 10:30 a.m.
EDT today, the total accumulated Shuttle flight time stands at 365 days, 23
hours and 28 minutes.

        The Space Shuttle flight era began with STS-1 and the launch of
Columbia on April 12, 1981 with mission Commander John Young and Pilot Robert
Crippen. Since then, Space Shuttles have carried to orbit 670 major, fixed and
deployable payloads and experiments totalling 822 tons and returned 636
weighing 425 tons.

        Representing only 5 percent of all U.S. space launches, Space Shuttles
have carried 56 percent of all U.S. payloads to orbit and 44 percent of all
U.S. cargo weight to orbit.

        Fifty-one satellites have been deployed, 5 of which were recovered and
returned on the same flight.  Three of the 51 satellites were interplanetary
probes to Venus (Magellan), Jupiter (Galileo) and the Sun (Ulysses).  Three
were orbiting observatories - the Hubble Space Telescope, the Gamma Ray
Observatory and the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite.


        Others were communications satellites and experiment platforms such as
the Long Duration Exposure Facility which orbited Earth for nearly 6 years
before being retrieved and returned to Earth. Two communications satellites,
the PALAPA-B2 and WESTAR-VI, were later retrieved, returned to Earth for
refurbishment and relaunched.

        Scientific studies aboard the Space Shuttle and in Spacelab modules
carried aboard Shuttles have investigated life sciences, materials sciences,
combustion science, solar science and physics, space plasma physics,
atmospheric studies, biotechnology, Earth observations, astronomy and the study
of the behavior of metals, semiconductors, bio-processing and fluids in the
microgravity enviroment of space flight.  Time accumulated in Spacelab science
operations, alone, stands at 96 days and 13 hours.

        Including 16 non-U.S. flyers representing 10 different countries, 161
individuals have flown in space at least once on the Shuttle. Astronauts have
conducted 16 rendezvous operations, the retrieval and repair of 3 satellites
and 20 spacewalks totalling over 223 hours.  Six of them were untethered free-
flights using the manned maneuvering unit.




     Source:NASA Spacelink    Modem:205-895-0028  Internet:192.149.89.61
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